New at PipingDesign.com: 10 July 2000

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Chemical Exposures from Industrial Valve and Piping Systems Saftek, Inc.

<<The purpose of this Hazard Information Bulletin is to heighten public awareness of the potential for death, physical injury, and/or illness resulting from the unexpected release of chemicals during refinery and other chemical process operations.>>

Flare Design and Operation
Gas Research institute

  <<Flaring is a combustion control process in which waste gases are piped to a remote, usually elevated location and burned in an open flame in the open air. A specially designed burner tip, auxiliary fuel, and steam or air are used to promote mixing for nearly complete combustion (>98 percent). Completeness of combustion in a flare is governed by the 3Ts and the available oxygen for free radical formation. Combustion is complete if all combustibles are converted to carbon dioxide and water. When incomplete combustion occurs, some of the waste gases remained unconverted or are converted to other organic compounds such as aldehydes or acids.>>

Control of Fugitive Emission Losses
Chemical and Process Engineering Centre, Singapore

   <<Fugitive emissions are "leaks" or "releases" that occur whenever there are discontinuities in the solid barrier that maintains containment. Sources of fugitive emissions include pumps and compressors, storage and processing vessels, loading facilities, flow control and pressure relief valves, and leakage from pipelines carrying materials from one process to another. Fugitive emissions are usually small in quantities but are the origin of the continuous background exposure of workers. This paper provides some examples of engineering measures and technological innovations to control and abate the common sources of fugitive emissions from chemical processing plants, petrochemical complex and refineries. Due to the extent and complexity of the chemical and petroleum industries, enumeration of sources of fugitive emissions would require detailed analysis of individual process unit operations. It is beyond the intent of this paper to discuss in detail all sources of emissions and potential engineering control applicable to these emissions.>>

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Stainless Steel Fitting and Flange Dimensions Douglas Brothers Received on Mon Jul 10 20:17:00 2000