Moment calculation

Dear all,

I have just been introduced to the piping field. Have been reading the book, INTRODUCTION TO PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS, By Sam Kannappan. There are certain points that I have been unable to understand. Hence would like u all to help me out.

1. I would like to know what does Inplane and Outplane bending moment mean, as shown on page 55 of this book.
2. How does one calculate them?
3. From the example on page 74, how were the moments Mx, My, and Mz calculated, as there is no mention of it in the question?

Hoping to hear from all.

DLK. Received on Tue Jun 29 05:46:00 2004